The Mediterranean Diet is rich with gut-friendly fermented foods, and yogurt just might be the most iconic. When we’re told to eat yogurt on the Mediterranean Diet, we may think of a bowl drizzled with honey, fresh fruit and nuts, or a smoothie of pureed fruit and yogurt for breakfast.
But in the Mediterranean, yogurt is enjoyed at breakfast, lunch, and dinner, in a variety of interesting, sweet and savory ways. Often, it’s a Greek-style yogurt. Greek yogurt-which is not only Greek-is yogurt that has been strained, eliminating some of the liquid (whey) to create a creamier, thicker style of yogurt.
Yogurt is milk that has been fermented with live starter cultures, and it is “an essential part” of the Mediterranean Diet, writes Claudia Roden in A Book of Middle Eastern Food. In many cultures, it was even believed to have medicinal and therapeutic properties. Longevity and a strong constitution were sometimes attributed to eating yogurt.
Today’s findings suggest our ancestors were onto something: research shows that the live cultures in yogurt may contribute to a healthy gut, which in turn aids digestive health, the immune system, and more. Not to mention, yogurt is a source of protein, vitamin D, and calcium.
Ready to start cooking with more yogurt? Here are five ways to eat yogurt-beyond breakfast time- inspired by our Mediterranean neighbors:
Make a hot or cold soupÂ
Throughout the Eastern Mediterranean, you’ll find variations of yogurt soup-hot or cold-in Armenian, Lebanese, Turkish, and Greek cultures. Ultra-comforting, it’s often served as a remedy when someone feels under the weather, much like chicken soup in the United States.
Most yogurt soups start with a creamy, Greek-style yogurt, and a grain like rice, bulgur, or pasta. Want to try it out yourself? In Chef Ana Sortun’s wonderful book Spice: Flavors of the Eastern Mediterranean, you’ll find a recipe for Yogurt Soup with Toasted Pasta and Dried Mint, a delicious variation on this classic comfort food.
In Greece, trahana, a fermented mixture of yogurt and bulgur wheat, is used to thicken stews and soups; in Lebanon, you’ll find a similar mixture of fermented wheat and yogurt called kishk.
Serve as a dip or dressingÂ
“In most countries, it is customary to place a bowl of fresh yogurt on the table” with the meal, writes Claudia Roden.
Indeed, you’ll find yogurt as an accompaniment to many dishes in the Mediterranean, served alongside bread, salads, grilled and roasted meats, vegetables, and rice. Often, it will be flavored with lemon juice, garlic, or dried mint.
Labneh is a type of thick, tangy strained yogurt enjoyed throughout the Eastern Mediterranean. You may see it as part of a Lebanese mezze (small plates) spread, alongside flatbread for dipping. Labneh may be enlivened with a drizzle of extra-virgin olive oil, lemon, or herbs such as za’atar and sumac.
Yogurt-and-vegetable-based dips also appear throughout the Mediterranean. Many of us are familiar with tzatziki, the Greek dip of yogurt, cucumbers, and dill. Its Turkish cousin, cacik, is a mixture of fresh herbs, greens, and yogurt. Chef Ana Sortun calls this dip “everything green!” In Syria, yogurt is mixed with grilled eggplant, tahini, and paprika to make mutabal, a deliciously smokey dip for crudite or pita bread.
Create a marinade
What makes yogurt such a great marinade? When you’re grilling, the acids in yogurt will slowly tenderize the meat, creating a tender, almost falling-apart texture. As Bon Appetit’s Alex Delany writes: “Marinating meat in yogurt will change your life.”
In addition to contributing to texture, the acids in yogurt will caramelize upon hitting the heat of the stove or grill. “It infiltrates the meat and builds this beautiful crust,” explained Anissa Helou, a cookbook author specializing in the cuisines of the Mediterranean, North Africa, and Middle East.
Next time you’re grilling chicken or lamb for a special occasion, try marinating it first in a mixture of plain Greek yogurt and a little lemon juice. Cover, refrigerate, and let rest for up to 12 hours before you fire up the grill. Serve it with plenty of delicious, grilled vegetables, too!
Replace mayonnaise
Did you know Greek yogurt is an excellent substitute for mayonnaise? Swapping out mayonnaise for yogurt in your favorite dishes cuts back on saturated fat, but also adds a little tanginess and freshness.
For example, these Mediterranean Chicken Salad Sandwiches give chicken salad a delicious and nutritious Mediterranean makeover, using Greek yogurt as the binder, and fragrant sundried tomatoes and roasted red peppers for flavor.
Enjoy desserts and drinks made with yogurt
Yogurt stars in many of our favorite light but creamy, delicious Mediterranean desserts.
In French households, Gateau au Yaourt, Yogurt Cake, is one of the first recipes children learn to bake by themselves. That’s likely because it’s extraordinarily simple! Children use a small, individual cup of unflavored yogurt as the base, and then use that same container to pour out the flour and sugar-no weighing or measuring required.
This Sultana Yogurt Cake, borrowing inspiration from the Middle East, uses two full cups of Greek yogurt, and just a little flour to bind, creating an elegant dessert with a texture quite like cheesecake. We love to top it with fresh fruit, like cherries.
In Egypt, you’ll find basbousa, a spongy semolina and yogurt cake, soaked in a syrup flavored with rosewater, orange flower water, or lemon. It’s often cut into a diamond shape and topped with an almond for garnish.
On an Oldways culinary tour to Greece, we learned how to make this Milk Chocolate Yogurt with Crispy Almond Phyllo, a perfect special treat for the holidays.  The flavors are rich, but the dessert is light, with classic Greek ingredients like phyllo dough, honey, and ouzo.
Yogurt is also included in Mediterranean beverages. During Oldways’ culinary tour to Cyprus in 2019, many travelers enjoyed ayran, a refreshing yogurt-based drink with a dash of dried mint and salt. It’s perfect for hot days, or to accompany savory or spicy meals. Not just a Cypriot or Turkish drink, ayran is popular throughout the Eastern Mediterranean and Western Asia.
We’ll never turn down a breakfast bowl of yogurt, fruit, and nuts, but we hope this list has inspired you to incorporate yogurt into your cooking throughout the day: breakfast, lunch, dinner, and dessert! For more inspiration, check out the recipes below:
Roasted carrots with pistachios and tahini yogurt
Eggplant Dip with Yogurt and Za’atar
Black-Eyed Peas and Wild Greens with Garlicky Yogurt
Cucumber Soup with Crab, Greek Yogurt, and Dill
Sardine Patties with Dill Yogurt Sauce
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